时隔近50年，美国奥斯卡奖方面终于向美国原住民女演员萨钦·小羽毛（Sacheen Littlefeather）道歉。1973年，马龙·白兰度获得奥斯卡最佳男主角，但他因不满美国原住民在电影行业中的遭遇而拒绝领奖。出席颁奖礼的是代他上台的萨钦·小羽毛，她发出了美国原住民的声音，抗议电影行业对原住民的不公待遇及刻板印象。
The Oscars academy has apologised to a Native American actress who famously took to the stage for Marlon Brando when he won the best actor award in 1973. Brando sent Sacheen Littlefeather in his place as a protest against the treatment and stereotypical portrayal of Native Americans by the film industry.
相关事件吸引各大外媒关注，50年前的奥斯卡颁奖上发生了什么？50年后的今天，奥斯卡方面又为何道歉？
50年前，60秒钟的发言
在1973年，知名演员马龙·白兰度凭借《教父》获得奥斯卡最佳男演员奖项。但是他没有出席颁奖礼，而是请女演员小羽毛代替他到现场，并且拒绝该奖项。
When Brando won best actor for his starring role in "The Godfather," he was absent. In his stead, he asked Littlefeather, then an actress and activist, to attend the ceremony -- and to refuse the award on his behalf.
当时的她还要遵守两个“承诺”：按照白兰度的要求，不要触碰“小金人”；按照颁典礼负责人霍华德·科克的要求，将发言控制在60秒钟之内。上台前，科克还告诉她，如果发言超时，会让安保人员逮捕她。
She had two promises to keep: not to touch the statuette (Brando’s instructions), and to keep her comments to 60 seconds (an order from show producer Howard Koch, who told Littlefeather minutes before the award presentation that he had security on hand to arrest her if she went past time).
而接下来，小羽毛成就了被《好莱坞报道者》称为“奥斯卡和电视直播的历史性时刻（historic moment in both Oscars and live television history）”：
白兰度给了她8页纸长度的发言稿，但显然60秒钟没法读完全部。她说明了白兰度拒绝领奖，是因为“美国印第安人在电影行业的遭遇”。现场响起掌声，也响起了嘘声。甚至有媒体报道称，当时在后台的另一位演员约翰·维恩相当愤怒。如果不是被人拦住，维恩可能冲上台去攻击小羽毛。
"(Brando) very regretfully cannot accept this very generous award, and the reasons for this being are the treatment of American Indians today by the film industry," she said to a mix of boos and applause. John Wayne, who was backstage at the time, was reportedly furious. John Wayne had to be restrained from storming the stage to physically attack her.
她在发言中还提到了翁迪德尼镇（town of Wounded Knee，又名伤膝镇）事件。据《好莱坞报道》消息，在奥斯卡颁奖礼的一个月前，“美国印第安人运动”组织占据那里并和联邦执法人员发生对峙，抗议对美国原住民的迫害。而按照美国司法部的要求，当时媒体不对小羽毛的奥斯卡亮相作报道。
A month before the ceremony, the activist organization American Indian Movement had occupied the South Dakota town of Wounded Knee to protest the sustained mistreatment of Native Americans, a standoff that at the time of Littlefeather’s televised appearance at the Oscars was under a U.S. Department of Justice-imposed media blackout.
然而，在这段演讲后的多年里，她被嘲弄、歧视，遭遇人身攻击。
In the years since, Littlefeather has said she’s been mocked, discriminated against and personally attacked for her brief Academy Awards appearance.
在登上奥斯卡颁奖典礼前，小羽毛参演过几部电影，但是根据她的说法，在60秒钟的演讲后，联邦政府发出威胁，将封杀一切她出现的脱口秀或节目。
Littlefeather, who had acted in a few films before her infamous moment, says that the federal government threatened to shut down any talk shows or productions that put her on the air.
50年后，一封道歉信的公开
奥斯卡金像奖的主办单位美国电影艺术与科学学院最近公布了6月18日发出的信件，发信人为学院主席大卫·鲁宾，他重提1973年的颁奖礼。他称小羽毛的演讲“是一份强有力的宣言，不断提醒我们尊重人格尊严的必要性和重要性。”
In making the announcement, the Academy Museum shared a letter sent June 18 to Littlefeather by David Rubin, academy president, about the iconic Oscar moment. Rubin called Littlefeather’s speech “a powerful statement that continues to remind us of the necessity of respect and the importance of human dignity.”
“因为演讲，你遭遇的虐待是毫无根据的，不公正的，”鲁宾写道，“多年来，你背负的精神负担，对你在影视行业造成的影响是无法弥补的。多年来，你展现的勇气不被人所知。因此，我们向你表达深切的歉意，诚挚的敬意。”
“The abuse you endured because of this statement was unwarranted and unjustified,” wrote Rubin. “The emotional burden you have lived through and the cost to your own career in our industry are irreparable. For too long the courage you showed has been unacknowledged. For this, we offer both our deepest apologies and our sincere admiration.”
在接受《好莱坞报道》采访时，现年75岁的小羽毛说：“我很震惊，从没想到我能活着听到这些话，经历这些事。1973年站在舞台上时，我孤身一人。”
“I was stunned. I never thought I’d live to see the day I would be hearing this, experiencing this,” Littlefeather, now 75, tells The Hollywood Reporter of receiving the Academy’s statement, which was first privately presented to her in June. “When I was at the podium in 1973, I stood there alone.”
小羽毛在声明中表示，看到50年后的改变“令人鼓舞”。她说，“对于奥斯卡方面的道歉，我们印第安人都是很有耐心的——只不过50年。我们会永远保持幽默感，这是我们的生存方式。”
Littlefeather, in a statement, said it is “profoundly heartening to see how much has changed since I did not accept the Academy Award 50 years ago.” “Regarding the Academy’s apology to me, we Indians are very patient people — it’s only been 50 years!” said Littlefeather. “We need to keep our sense of humor about this at all times. It’s our method of survival.”
今年9月17日，小羽毛将作为嘉宾出席电影学院博物馆的活动，届时道歉信将全文朗读。
The statement of apology will be read in full at the Sept. 17 Academy Museum event honoring Littlefeather.
综合来源：CNN，美联社，好莱坞报道
