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中国“无症状感染者”多吗?钟南山的最新回应来了!

来源:科技日报、人民日报、CGTN、China Daily、澎湃新闻
日期:2020-03-31
 

近日,全球疫情持续蔓延,各国不断加码防疫力度。而在国内疫情防控形势持续向好的当下,“无症状感染者”引起了大家的关注。不少专家认为,中国现在处于疫情防控“下半场”:要尤其警惕外来输入病例和“无症状感染者”。

 

所谓新冠病毒“无症状感染者”,指的是那些没有临床症状、但呼吸道等标本新冠病毒病原学检测阳性的人。

 

Asymptomatic COVID-19 patients refer to those who do not show any symptoms, including fever and cough, but their tests for the novel coronavirus are positive.

 

上周五,在上海举办的一场研讨会上,上海市新冠肺炎医疗救治专家组组长、复旦大学附属华山医院感染科主任张文宏谈到无症状感染者时介绍,无症状感染者携带病毒延续时间会超过三个星期,隔离期结束后若病毒仍是阳性,会造成极大传播风险。

 

At a symposium held in Shanghai last Friday, Zhang Wenhong, leader of the Shanghai team of experts in the treatment of COVID-19 cases, said asymptomatic coronavirus carriers might not show symptoms for more than three weeks and will not be detected if they don't go to hospital for virus tests.

 

“无症状携带者携带病毒延续的时间会超过三个星期。”张文宏表示,这类人如果不去医院治病,就不会被发现;如果从海外回来,不被检测,也不进行隔离,或者进行了隔离,两个星期内他没有发病,“第三个星期他就出去了,出去的时候病毒是阳性的,就会造成极大的传播风险”。张文宏称,这正是新冠病毒的狡猾之处。

 

"Those asymptomatic coronavirus carriers usually have strong immunity and show no symptoms for more than two weeks despite being infected. If they return home from abroad and are not isolated timely or released from the two-week quarantine, they will cause great risk of community infection," Zhang said.

 

"That's the tricky point of the novel coronavirus containment."

 

那么,中国“无症状感染者”多吗?无症状感染者的传染性有多高?近日,钟南山院士接受了CGTN连线专访,回应了中国“无症状感染者”的情况。

 

图源:CGTN采访视频截图

 

钟南山院士表示,关于中国国内“无症状感染者”的情况,目前了解得很有限:既没有具体数字,也未有详尽研究。就目前这个阶段来说,他认为中国没有大量的无症状感染者。一般来说,无症状感染者对与其密切接触的人的传染率很高,所以如果有的话,这些无症状感染者一定会把病毒传染给其他人,使得中国新冠肺炎确诊人数更高。但实际上,近段时间以来,中国新确诊人数不仅没有上升,反而在不断下降,而且一些省份这个数字已经为零,由此推断,中国无症状感染者数量并不多。

 

图源:CGTN采访视频截图

 

When asked whether people should be concerned about asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in China, respiratory expert Zhong Nanshan told CGTN's Tian Wei that though there are no statistics on the matter, the potential existence of asymptomatic carriers is not a "big problem" because he does not believe there are large numbers of such cases in China. 

 

He explained that as the newly confirmed domestic infections have remained zero in most parts of China, the number of asymptomatic cases is likely to be very low. 

 

The number of confirmed COVID-19 cases is reducing in the mainland, and that indicates China did not have many asymptomatic novel coronavirus carriers, Zhong said.

 

 

钟南山还表示,所谓的“无症状感染者”,并不是任何没有症状的人,而是那些和已经受到感染的病人有密切接触的人,他们已经受到新冠病毒的感染却没有症状的人。他们没有临床症状、但呼吸道等标本新冠病毒病原学检测阳性。

 

图源:CGTN采访视频截图

 

钟南山表示,无症状感染者传染性很强,即使在实施隔离政策的地方,RO值也可能达到3甚至3.5,也就是说一个人可以传染3到3.5人,这个数字是非常高的。

 

Zhong said that the infectivity of asymptomatic infections could be fairly high, and one asymptomatic patient could infect up to 3.5 persons. 

 

28日全国唯一本土新增病例感染详情公布,曾与无症状感染者密切接触 

 

3月29日,河南28日新增本土病例详情公布,曾与无症状感染者密切接触。这也是28日全国唯一本土新增病例。29日中午13时,河南省卫健委通报了这名患者王某某的情况,她曾密切接触过一名无症状感染者张某某,而张某某曾与有武汉旅行史的刘某某同桌就餐。

 

Central China's Henan province reported a local confirmed COVID-19 case on Saturday, a statement released by Henan Provincial Health Commission said on Sunday.

 

据通报,王某某,女,59岁,漯河市图书馆保洁人员,住漯河市源汇区恒大名都小区。3月24日晚出现头痛症状,26日下午17时左右自测体温38.5℃,19时30分左右在其儿子驾车陪同下,到漯河市中心医院发热门诊就诊,随后就地隔离观察,28日20时20分确诊为新冠肺炎确诊病例。

 

The patient surnamed Wang, 59, a cleaner in a library in Luohe, was the only domestic confirmed case in Chinese mainland on Saturday.

 

Wang began to have headache on March 24 and went to see doctor at a local hospital when she started feeling feverish last Thursday night and was later isolated for treatment and further medical observation.

 

Wang was confirmed to be a COVID-19 patient on Saturday when her nucleic acid test came out positive.

 

经流调发现,王某某于3月21日10时左右在漯河汽车站乘坐长途客车到平顶山市郏县汽车东站,在其郏县同学张某某(郏县人民医院医生)驾车陪同下到乡下扫墓,在郏县期间与张某某一同就餐3次。

 

继续流调发现,张某某于3月13日晚与刘某某、周某某(二人也为郏县人民医院医生)等人在饭店同桌就餐。刘某某曾有武汉出行史,返郏后自行隔离14天期满。

 

3月25日,郏县人民医院对参与疫情防控的一线医务人员进行健康体检,在核酸筛查中发现张某某、周某某为无症状感染者,刘某某核酸检测为单阳性、无症状,3人正在接受集中隔离医学观察。

 

According to the statement, Wang once traveled to Pingdingshan city by bus on March 21 and she later went to Jiaxian county to sweep the tombs in a private car driven by her friend surnamed Zhang, who is a doctor at Jiaxian County People's Hospital.

 

Wang had dinners with Zhang three times during the period.

 

Previously Zhang had a dinner with colleagues surnamed Zhou and Liu from the hospital in a local restaurant on March 13. Liu visited Wuhan earlier this year and was released from quarantine after being isolated for two weeks when Liu showed no symptoms earlier this month.

 

On March 25, Zhang, Liu, and Zhou were detected to be asymptomatic novel coronavirus carriers in a health examination organized by the hospital for its medical staff members.

 

目前,已追踪到王某某密切接触者15人,追踪到刘某某、张某某、周某某密切接触者53人,均在接受集中隔离医学观察。

 

A total of 15 people who had close contact with Wang and another 53 who once had close contacts with Liu, Zhang and Zhou have been isolated for further medical observation.

 

河南省新冠肺炎医疗救治专家组组长、郑州大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科科主任张国俊在接受人民日报记者采访时表示,无症状感染者主要通过密切接触者筛查、聚集性疫情调查和传染源追踪调查等途径发现。少数无症状感染者可能会发展为确诊病例,但绝大多数会自愈。

 

张国俊表示,无症状感染者也能成为传染源,具有一定的传播风险。目前对于无症状感染者的处置是发现即隔离,在隔离期间继续进行核酸检测以及进一步观察其是否出现症状,也可以对其使用一些抗病毒药物进行干预。原则上连续两次标本核酸检测阴性后才可解除隔离。

 

综合来源:科技日报、人民日报、CGTN、China Daily、澎湃新闻


 

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